Eciency of Parallel Programs in Multi-tasking Environments
نویسنده
چکیده
The conventional de nition of e ciency of a parallel program is based on the assumption that nodes are homogeneous and exclusively available for the tasks of the program. In this paper we present a more general de nition of e ciency, omitting the assumptions of homogeneity and exclusivity. This de nition can be applied to parallel programs e.g. in multi-user environments or to isolated parts of complex parallel applications. We propose a de nition of the dynamic e ciency relating to a single program run. Derived from the dynamic e ciency, we present the de nition of the stochastic e ciency, relating to the average of several runs with a stochastic model of the load on the nodes. The stochastic e ciency can be used to de ne standard performance measures of parallel programs in distributed multi-user environments. Furthermore, we present some analytical and simulation results for two examples, using Markov processes to model the system load.
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